The institute inserted its impact on the agriculture, food security, and food production in the country through activities of breeding, releasing and introduction of new varieties, nucleus seed production, and preparing agro-technical instructions and protocols. The activities are summarized as following:

Breeding activities:
Although breeding activates started before 1978 Islamic revolution, but however, after the revolution, accelerating in research projects and applied plant breeding resulted in releasing 235 new varieties. High adaptability, high yield potential, high quality, resistance/tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses were among the most criteria in releasing the varieties. Moving toward degrees of self-sufficiency for some crop species was another motivating factor after the revolution. The released varieties went through the farmers, and agricultural communities. Each of the varieties, in its time of releasing, inserted high impact on the food production country wise.

Seed Production:
Along with breeding activities, the institute continued for completing the added values chain via programming, super vision and production of annually more than. 2500 tons basic seed for various crops and in several categories to be hand over to private sector who finally produce large amounts of registered seed for farmers and agricultural utilization agents.

Agro-technical protocols
Performing research projects in agronomy and agro-technical fields led to preparing and publishing many agro-technical protocols, e.g. planting date, planting density, bed preparing style etc. which are helpful for production high quality and quantity seeds and forage for large- scaled farms.
Plant Gene Bank of the SPII which is known as National Plant Gene Bank of Iran (NPGBI), with collecting and preserving more than 75 000 accessions of crops and their wild relatives in addition to more than 6000 accessions of fruit trees, is prone to acquire the first rank among the Gene Banks in Near East, Middle Asia and North Africa (CWANA).

Mandates and Research Priorities
Planning, coordination, implementation and supervision of research programs and projects related to crops’ breeding and agronomy in the country in cooperation with provincial agricultural and natural resources research and education centers and corresponding organization and offices of the Ministry of Agriculture-Jihad.
•Evaluation of promising lines/hybrids/new cultivars/in pipeline for release on farmers' fields in cooperation with provincial agricultural and natural resources research and education centers and extension services, in order to select and introduce the adapted new cultivars for target environments.
•Conducting basic and applied research at the national level in cooperation with provincial agricultural and natural resources research and education centers.
•Continuous collaboration and interaction with executive bodies of the Ministry and provincial Agriculture-Jihad Organizations and farmers and other stakeholders to introduce the new cultivars and crop management practices packages for meeting current and upcoming challenges. •Collaboration with Iranian universities and higher education institutions, as well as the international research institutes and centers to exchange germplasm and scientific and research information.
•Sponsoring and holding national and international seminars and conferences.
•Supervising and evaluation of the research programs and projects in17
provincial agricultural and natural resources research and education centers.
•Production of nucleus and basic seeds for newly released and commercial cultivars of mandated crops.
•Developing research projects, final reports and publishing scientific papers corresponded to the research projects of the Institute in peer reviewed journals.
•Supporting human resources development in collaboration with universities and the international research centers.
•Collaboration with the board of promotion committee and commission of Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization.